Systemic silicosis associated with plasma Cell proliferation and B lymphocyte monoclonality

Importance: Silica dust has long been known as an occupational hazard, primarily causing pulmonary fibrosis. There is a higher incidence of neoplastic diseases associated with silica exposure, mainly lung cancer. Observation: We present a unique case of a patient with pulmonary silicosis who developed diffuse lymphadenopathy followed by features of plasma cell proliferation with B lymphocyte monoclonality. Conclusion: We propose to add systemic lymphadenopathy, plasma cell proliferation and B lymphocytes monoclonality to the list of silicosis complications. Relevance: In the epidemic outbreaks of silicosis, as we have seen in Israel, a malignant transformation of inflammatory reaction might be encountered more often.